One Of The Strongest Characteristics Of Othello Is His Blind Faith In

One of the strongest characteristics of Othello is his blind faith in the human race. This quality is one of the first to come to mind when one assesses a man as complex in nature as Othello. Othello not only puts his trust in his wife but also in Iago. Speaking of iago, he say that he is a man of trust and honesty and " to his conveyance I assign my wife" (1.3.286). Othello's absence of any jealousy later makes his later breakdown more striking and poignant. It is Othello's free and trusting nature that makes him such easy prey for iago. Not that this would be easy for anyone to catch.

Cuzco, Capital of the Incas essays

Cuzco, Capital of the Incas essays The Incas called their nation the "Land of the Four Quarters" or Tahuantinsuyu and was the center of Inca life and the home of its leaders. Situated in the Peruvian Andes, under the Inca ruler Pachacutec it developed into a complex urban center with distinct religious and administrative functions, surrounded by clearly delineated areas for agriculture, artists, and industry. The Inca city had the shape of a Puma, a feline that was considered a special deity among the Quechuas. The fortress of Sacsahuaman represents the head of the puma. The heart of the puma is represented by the main square of Huacaypata. The tail of the puma represents the convergence of the Huatanay and Tullumayo rivers. Its streets were narrow, usually straight and duly paved. The building walls of the central zone of the city were made of carved stones, but the suburbs had walls made of adobe. Their roofs were made of straw. Houses did not have many doors or windows so as to maintain the temperature during cold seasons. Clean water flowed through the rivers' beds and was consumed by the population. Life in the city centered on the great Square. The most important political and religious ceremonies were held in the great Square. The most important buildings were located around the Square, particularly the palaces. Each palace occupied a wide territory, almost an entire block and housed the Inca's entire family (parents, sisters and brothers, uncles, etc.). The road network had to allow a fast intercommunication between Cuzco and the entire empire. It was intended to allow territorial integration, after giving security, relaxation and supplies for travelers, official suites or the army. It was supposed to allow an efficient production, gathering, and redistribution of goods and raise tributary resources. Roads and paths had different categories, functions, and characteristics according to their duties and the territory where they were locat...

Hospitality Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Hospitality Law - Essay Example The law is found under the section of Federal social Security, Unemployment Insurance, and Workers Compensation (FUTA) (Boella and Alan 34-49). The FUTA has a subsection where, Meals and Lodging benefits are extended to the workers. It is under particular state laws, for example, in New York (Boella and Alan 54-56). All 50 states enacted workers’ compensation law, which outlines statutory framework for every employer to compensate workers for injuries at work. It insures the employees against occupational risks and hazards. In case of an incident (injuries or sickness), the medical care and benefits are catered for by the employer, while if death ensues, payments are given to the spouse and dependents as the law defines. The compensation act outlines that in the event of negligence, the worker has the right to sue his or her employer according to the common law. Therefore, the occupier has to obtain insurance from private companies or state agencies that cover claims of work-related injuries. In New York, an occupier is not allowed to charge any cost of insurance compensation to the employee. Workers must be advised about their right and the procedure of filing a claim by use of accessible and strategically placed posters. The posters postulate that the premise complies with the Workers’ Compensation Law (Form C-105 in New York). In case of noncompliance, the employer is fined $100 after every 10 days for assessment and may be prosecuted for a misdemeanor in a criminal court (Boella and Alan 71-78). The compensation depends on defined amounts or formulas that in turn depend on four classifications of disabilities that result from injuries. The disability classes include temporary total, permanent total, temporary partial, and permanent partial disabilities. The act also provides for â€Å"scheduled injuries† (amputations of limbs or eyesight loss). The payments that the workers

Innovation, Creativity and Enterprise in Markets Essay - 4

Innovation, Creativity and Enterprise in Markets - Essay Example The innovations that have been taking place in the company since its embarking upon a long-term journey have been illuminated during the due course of the report. The main reasons because of which Unilever opted to buy Ben & Jerry’s have also been discussed. Apart from that, the entrepreneurial aspect of this company has been explained and how entrepreneurship has played a practical role in the success of their business has been elucidated. All these elements have combined together to translate into profitable growth of their company along with its brand and have led it to its present state. The purpose of this report is to conduct a research on an organization and discuss in detail, how its presence does creates opportunities and prospects for its stakeholders in light of the theory of the same. Apart from that, the method by which the company innovates its processes and products in order to meet the ever changing needs of the consumers is also conversed. Furthermore, this report also concerns how the selected organization incorporates entrepreneurial principles in order to exploit the available opportunities in the market and undertake some level of risk-taking in order to derive the most benefits from the untapped market segments (Drucker, 1986). For this research, Ben & Jerry’s has been selected as it has been coming up with innovations in its flavors ever since it has come into being in 1978. The Ben & Jerry’s is an ice-cream, frozen yogurt and sorbet manufacturing company which was set up in 1978 as an ice-cream parlor on a renovated gas station in Vermont USA, by two entrepreneurs namely Ben Cohen and Jerry Greenfield with an investment of $12,000. The ice cream parlor soon gained popularity around the neighborhood and the pair began to pack their product and started to supply it to Mom and Pop stores and convenience stores in their Volkswagen Campervan. They eventually grew

Live Clean Lives Grant Proposal Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Live Clean Lives Grant Proposal - Research Paper Example Statement of Need Zimbabwe has 45 million people. Out of these, two-thirds are determined to be at the risk of contracting gastrointestinal diseases because of poor hygiene (Pittet et al., 20111). The result of maintaining an ill health in these individuals is that most of them die from the diseases and those that survive live a miserable life because of the agony caused by the illness and the financial problem due to their absence from work as they recover. Moreover, children cannot go to school because they spend most of the time at school dispensaries and rushing to the toilet (Curtis et al., 2011). Program Description The Live Clean Lives Program will enable the people at risk of contracting diseases caused by poor hygiene to improve their health standards and, thus their quality of life. The program will involve massive sensitization of people in the areas concerning the risks they expose themselves to as a consequence of poor hygiene and also offer them what they need to maintain clean, healthy lives (Jayaraman et al., 2014). Sensitization will occur in all sectors of society, and even schools will be requested to squeeze in some time for the project team to show the community how to fight germs and the diseases that emanate from them. People will improve their economic condition because they will be at work most of the time. Also, students’ grades will improve because they will spend most of their time in class (Hayes, 2013).

Evaluating Two Middle Range Theories Nursing Essay

Evaluating Two Middle Range Theories Nursing Essay The purpose of this paper is to evaluate two middle range theories abilities to test the concept of comfort for the practice question Do neonatal nurses who care for dying infants who attend an end of life care educational training program compared to neonatal nurses who do not attend the program experience a difference in comfort levels (Comfort Level for Caring for Dying Infants (CLCDI)) when caring for a dying infant? A summary of two middle range theories the Comfort Theory (Kolcaba, 1994) and the Theory of Self-Efficacy (Resnick, xxxx) will be summarized and then critiqued using Smith and Liehrs (xxxx) Framework for Evaluating Middle Range Theory. The discussion will conclude with a summary of strengths and weakness of the theories and a research hypothesis to reflect that reflects the most appropriate theories conceptual definitions and propositions. Introduction Background Despite nurses as frontline caregivers for dying patients and their families many nurses have identified that they struggle with the responding adequately to the emotional devastation to parents and siblings when caring for a neonate with an unresolved terminal condition (Frommet, 1991). With the advances in neonatal care and life sustaining treatments, sick and very preterm infants do not often die in utero, at birth, or shortly after birth, but instead they often live much longer in a healthcare paradigm of comfort care and dignified death. This relatively new emersion of the end of life model integrates a more holistic approach which considers a more comprehensive view of the patients needs (emotional, spiritual, and medical) (Mallory, 2002; Mallory, 2003; WHO, 2002). With this paradigm shift, health care professionals are obligated to assess the adequacy of their own knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about death and dying. Multiple studies regarding nurses preparation for dealing with death and dying have consistently found that nurses that nurses do not feel educationally prepared to care for dying patients and insist that healthcare professionals should receive additional education on end of life care to bridge the deficit gap (Frommet, 1991; Robinson, 2004; White, Coyne, Patel, 2001; Beckstrand, Callister, Kirchhoff, 2006). These findings have led to a further observation that nurses caring for these complex patients regularly experience moral distress from competing principles of their personal, collegial, organizational, and religious/spiritual ethics (Frommet, 1991). Practice Problem To help ease this moral distress an evidence based end-of -life educational training program for NICU nurses has been successfully implemented in several neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) to increase the nurses comfort level of caring for neonates and their families at the end of life (Bagbi, Rogers, Gomez, McMahon, 2008). To determine if an evidence based end of life educational program impacts nurses comfort levels in caring for dying infants and their families a question was developed using the population (P) intervention (I) compared to (C) outcome (O) format (Newhouse, Dearhold, 1997). The following discussion will focus on this PICO question Do neonatal nurses who care for dying infants who attend an end of life care educational training program compared to neonatal nurses who do not attend the program experience a difference in comfort levels (Comfort Level for Caring for Dying Infants (CLCDI)) when caring for a dying infant? During the intervention a monthly 1 hour, neo natal end of life education program will be conducted over a 6 month period of time based on research about what nurses would like to know about caring for a dying infant (Robinson, 2004). For the purpose of this problem, comfort is defined as the ability of the NICU nurse(s) to show adequate knowledge and skills in providing neonatal end of life care for dying babies and their families. For this problem comfort will be measured as a score on the ordinal scale of Comfort Level Caring for Dying Infants (CLCDI). The instrument consisting of 15 items, measured on a 5 point Likert type scale equates scores of 1=never; 2=rarely; 3=sometimes; 4=often, 5=always measures the level of comfort a NICU nurse has caring for dying infants as opposed to their perception toward pediatric or neonatal end of life care (Bagbi, Rogers, Gomez, and McMahon, 2008). In evaluating the score, the higher the reported score the greater level of comfort NICU nurses have in caring for dying babies. Testing the Concept of Comfort A portion of Kolbacas (1991) Theory of Comfort and Resnicks (2008) Theory of Self-Efficacy, two middle range theories, will be used to test the concept of comfort for providing an organizing structure. Based on previous studies about nurses comfort when caring for patients, propositions five and six of Kolbacas Theory of Comfort seem to be a promising fit for this problem (Kolbaca, 1991, Kolbaca, XXX). These propositions collectively propose that patients, nurses, and other members of the healthcare team agree upon desirable and realistic health seeking behaviors (HSBs) and if enhanced comfort is achieved, patients, family members, and/or nurses are strengthened to engage in HSBs, comfort is further enhanced (Kolbaca, 1991). However, comfort as defined conceptually in this case as knowledge and skill can alternatively be equated with a sense of competence or self-efficacy of the NICU nurse to care for a dying infant and their family. There are many examples in the nursing literature linking self-efficacy to knowledge and skill (xxxx, xxxxx).) Self-efficacy, knowledge, and skills are also central to Banduras theory, which is the basis for Resnicks (xxxx) Self-Efficacy theory. Self-efficacy as described in Resnicks (xxxx) Theory of Self-Efficacy for this context is described as the judgment about the nurses ability to organize and execute a course of action required to attain designated types of performances. The theory states that perceived self-efficacy, defined as the individuals judgment of his or her capabilities to organize and execute courses of action, is a determinant of performance (Resnick, xxxx). Self-efficacy beliefs provide the foundation for human motivation, well-being, and personal accomplishment (Resnick, xxxx). According to Resnick (XXXX) theory individuals with higher levels of self-efficacy for a specific behavior (caring for a dying infant) are more likely to attempt that behavior. There are many examples in the literature using the Theory o f Self-Efficacy to support nursing education interventions (xxxxx, xxxxx). For these reasons, Resnicks Theory of Self-Efficacy (xxx) will be used to test the concept of nurses comfort or knowledge and skill (self-efficacy) in caring for dying infants and their families. The purpose of the following discussion is to summarize, describe, analyze, and evaluate these theories using the Framework for the Evaluation of Middle Range Theories (Smith, 2008) and conclude with a synthesis and research hypothesis to reflect conceptual definitions and propositions of the theory with the best fit. Theory Summaries: Comfort and Self-Efficacy Kolcabas Comfort Theory The Comfort Theory is a humanistic, holistic, patient need based nursing derived middle range theory (Kolbaca, xxxx). The concept of comfort has had a historic and consistent presence in nursing. In the early 1900s , comfort was considered to be a goal for both nursing and medicine, as it was believed that comfort led to recovery (McIlveen Morse, 1995). Over time comfort has become an increasingly minor focus, at times reserved only for those patients for whom no further medical treatment options are available (McIlveen Morse, 1995). The term comfort is used as a noun (comforter), adjective (comforting), verb (to comfort), or adverb (comfort the patient) (xxx). It is also used as a negative (absence of discomfort), neutral (ease), or positive (hope inspiring). Webster (1990) defines comfort as relief from distress; to soothe in sorrow or distress; a person or thing that comforts; a state of ease and quiet enjoyment free from worry; anything that makes life easy; and the lessening of misery or grief by calming or inspiring with hope. The origin of comfort is confortrare which means to strengthen greatly(Kolcaba, 1992). Based on the diversity of these terms comfort is a complex term. Kolcabas (1991) concept analysis of comfort helped to clarify the role of comfort as a holistic concept for nursing. This review confirmed that comfort is a positive concept and is associated with activities that nurture and strengthen patients (David, 2002). Over a period of years and revisions Kolcaba (1994) developed the comfort the ory which continues to evolve and change with changes as recent as 2007 (Figure 2). Kolcaba (1994, 2001, 2003) has defined comfort as the immediate state of being strengthened through having the human needs for relief, ease, and transcendence addressed in four contexts of experience (physical, psychospiritual, sociocultural, and environmental). The terms relief, ease, and transcendence are types of comfort that occur physically and mentally (Figure 2). The terms are defined based on definitions from medicine, theology, ergonomics, psychology, and nursing (Kolcaba Kolcaba, 1991). Relief is the state of having a discomfort mitigated or alleviated. Ease is the absence of specific discomforts. Transcendence is the ability to rise above discomforts when they cannot be eradicated or avoided (e.g., the child feels confident about ambulation although (s)he knows it will exacerbate pain). Transcendence, as a type of comfort, accounts for its strengthening property and reminds nurses to never give up helping their children and family members feel comforted. Interventions for increasing transcendence can be targeted to improving the environment, increasing social support, or providing reassurance. The three types of comfort occur in four contexts of experience: physical, psychospiritual, sociocultural, and environmental. These contexts were derived from an extensive review of the nursing literature on holism (Kolcaba, 1992). When the three types of comfort are juxtaposed with the four contexts of experience, a 12-cell grid is created, which is called a taxonomic structure (TS) (Figure 1) . Taken together, these cells represent all relevant aspects (defining attributes) of comfort for nursing and demonstrate the holistic nature of comfort as an important goal of care. All comfort needs can be placed somewhere on the taxonomic structure, and the cells are not mutually exclusive. A sample pediatric case study using the TS as a guide for a holistic comfort assessment is demonstrated below (see Figure 1). The concepts for the middle range for Comfort Theory include comfort needs, comfort interventions, intervening variables, enhanced comfort, health-seeking behaviors, and institutional integrity (Kolcaba, 1994). All of these concepts are relative to patients, families, and nurses (Kolcaba, 2003; Kolcaba, Tilton, Drouin, 2006). There are eight propositions which link the above concepts together. All or parts of the Comfort Theory can be tested for research (Peterson Bredow, 2010). In the comfort theory, Kolcaba asserts that when healthcare needs of a patient are appropriately assessed and proper nursing interventions carried out to address those needs, taking into account variables intervening in the situation, the outcome is enhanced patient comfort over time (Kolcaba, 2007). Once comfort is enhanced, the patient is likely to increase health-seeking behaviors. These behaviors may be internal to the patient (eg, wound healing or improved oxygenation), external to the patient (eg, active participation in rehabilitation exercises), or a peaceful death. Furthermore, Kolcaba asserted that when a patient experiences health-seeking behaviors, the integrity of the institution is subsequently increased because the increase in health-seeking behaviors will result in improved outcomes. Increased institutional integrity lends itself to the development and implementation of best practices and best policies secondary to the positive outcomes experienced by patients (Kolcab a, 2007). To translate the concepts to practice the effectiveness of a holistic intervention can be targeted to the taxonomic structure for enhancing comfort in a specific patient, family, or nurse population over time. Holistic comfort is defined as the immediate experience of being strengthened through having the needs for relief, ease, and transcendence met in four contexts of experience (physical, psychospiritual, social, and environmental).The comfort theory has been operationalized in many research settings with a variety of patient and target populations ranging from end of life care to the comfort of nurses (xxxx). Resnick Theory of Self-Efficacy Self efficacy is described as a way to organize an individuals judgment of his or her capability to execute a course of action. The Theory of Self-efficacy states that self-efficacy expectations and outcome expectations are not only influenced by behavior, but also verbal encouragement, reflective thinking, physiological sensations and role or self-modeling (Bandura, 1995).. Through self evaluation an individual judges their capability to perform and established self expectations which is visually depicted in the conceptual model (Appendix 2) (Resnick, 2008). Resnicks Theory of Self Efficacy is based on Banduras social cognitive theory and conceptualizes person-behavior-environment as triadic reciprocity the foundation for reciprocal determinism (Bandura, 1977, 1986). Most of the research into self-efficacy beliefs among older adults has been quantitative and has consistently supported the influence of those beliefs on behavior. However, it has not been established how efficacy beliefs actually influence motivation in older adults, or what sources of efficacy-enhancing information help strengthen those beliefs. Kolcabas Comfort Theory: Description, Analysis, and Evaluation Theory Description Historical context. The Comfort Theory is a humanistic, holistic, patient need based nursing derived middle range theory (Kolbaca, xxxx). The concept of comfort has had a historic and consistent presence in nursing. In the early 1900s , comfort was considered to be a goal for both nursing and medicine, as it was believed that comfort led to recovery (McIlveen Morse, 1995). Over time comfort has become an increasingly minor focus, at times reserved only for those patients for whom no further medical treatment options are available (McIlveen Morse, 1995). The term comfort is used as a noun (comforter), adjective (comforting), verb (to comfort), or adverb (comfort the patient) (xxx). It is also used as a negative (absence of discomfort), neutral (ease), or positive (hope inspiring). Webster (1990) defines comfort as relief from distress; to soothe in sorrow or distress; a person or thing that comforts; a state of ease and quiet enjoyment free from worry; anything that makes life easy; and the lessening of misery or grief by calming or inspiring with hope. The origin of comfort is confortrare which means to strengthen greatly(Kolcaba, 1992). Based on the diversity of these terms comfort is a complex term. Kolcabas (1991) concept analysis of comfort helped to clarify the role of comfort as a holistic concept for nursing. This review confirmed that comfort is a positive concept and is associated with activities that nurture and strengthen patients (David, 2002). Over a period of years and revisions Kolcaba (1994) developed the comfort the ory which continues to evolve and change with changes as recent as 2007 (Figure 2). Structural Components. Assumptions. Kolcabas Theory of Comfort (1994) makes four basic assumptions about reality. She assumes that humans beings have holistic responses to complex stimuli; comfort is a desirable holistic state that is germane to the discipline of nursing; human beings actively strive to meet, or to have met, their basic comfort needs, and that comfort is more than the absence of pain, anxiety, and other physical discomforts (Kolcaba , 2009). Concepts. Kolcaba defines six concepts of comfort which are relative to patients, families, and nurses (Table 1) . The term family, as defined by Kolcaba (2003) encompasses significant others as determined by the patient (Kolcaba, 2003; Kolcaba, Tilton Drouin, 2006). The first concept is of comfort needs which is the relief/ease/transcendence in physical, psychospiritual, sociocultural and environmental contexts of human experience. Comfort interventions in the model are defined as interventions of the health care team specifically targeting comfort of the patient, family and nurses. Intervening variables are positive or negative factors over which the health care team has little control, including physical limitations of the hospital or patients home, cultural influences, socioeconomic factors, prognosis, concurrent medical or psychological conditions. Health-seeking behaviors are those behaviors of patient, family or nurses (conscious or unconscious) which promote well-being; may b e internal, external or towards promoting a peaceful death. The final concept, institutional integrity, added in most recently, are values, financial stability and wholeness of health care facilities at the local state or national levels. Propositions. To help test the concept of nurses comfort caring for dying infants, propositions five and six of Kolcabas comfort theory are examined. These propositions state that patients, nurses, and other members of the healthcare team agree upon desirable and realistic health seeking behaviors (HSBs) (five) and if enhanced comfort is achieved, patients, family members, and/or nurses are strengthened to engage in HSBs, which further enhances comfort (six). These propositions provide rationale for why nurses and other health care professionals should focus on the patient, family, or in this case the nurses comfort beyond altruistic reasons. Because health seeking behaviors include internal and external behaviors almost any health-related outcome important in a healthcare setting can be classified as a health seeking behavior (Peterson Bredow, 2010). The desirable and realistic health seeking behavior (HSB) for this study is nurses comfort (knowledge and skills) to relieve moral di stress in caring for a dying infant and their family. Several studies support that moral and other types of distress are frequently observed in nurses who care for dying infants (Frommet, 1991) and most importantly indicate that nurses are seeking education regarding patient end of life issues (XXXXX). It is believed that reducing this distress and frustration can be affected through an effective end of life educational programs and is likely to improve the knowledge and skills nurses need to help increase their comfort level in caring for dying infants (xxxxx). Functional Components. Visualizing the concepts in the conceptual model, the Theory Analysis and Evaluation To analyze and evaluate Kolcabas Comfort Theory (1994) the substantive foundation, structural integrity, and functional adequacy of the theory using Smith and Liehrs (2008) Framework for the Evaluation of Middle Range Theories is discussed below (Appendix 1). Substantive foundations. Assessing the substantive foundation of a middle range theory is based on four criteria (Smith, 2003). The first criterion evaluates whether the theory is within the focus of the discipline of nursing. Kolcabas comfort theory successfully addresses four concepts comprising the metaparadigm of nursing, defining the concepts as they correspond to the theory (Dowd, 2002; Kolbaca, 2007) as well as presents a diagram of how the Comfort Theory relates theoretically to other nursing concepts (Figure 2) (Kolcaba, 1994) . Nursing is described as the process of assessing the patients comfort needs, developing and implementing appropriate nursing interventions, and evaluating patient comfort following nursing interventions. Person is described as the recipient of nursing care; the patient may be an individual, family, institution, or community. Environment is considered to be the external surroundings of the patient and can be manipulated to increase patient comfort. Fi nally, health is viewed as the optimum functioning of the patient as they define it. The ability of the framework to suggest interventions that help guide nursing interventions to increase comfort supports the discipline of nursing, and in doing so meeting the first criteria. The second criterion evaluates whether the assumptions are specified and congruent with the focus. The four assumptions in the Comfort Theory are explicitly stated and so meet the second criteria. Comfort theory (xxxx) assumes that humans beings have holistic responses to complex stimuli; comfort is a desirable holistic state that is germane to the discipline of nursing; human beings actively strive to meet, or to have met, their basic comfort needs, and that comfort is more than the absence of pain, anxiety, and other physical discomforts (Kolcaba , 2009). Because the Comfort Theory (XXXX) substantially describes the concept of comfort at the middle range level of discourse, the third criterion of the substantive foundation is met. Kolcabas (1991) concept analysis of comfort helped to clarify the role of comfort as a holistic concept for nursing. This review confirmed that comfort is a positive concept and is associated with activities that nurture and strengthen patients (David, 2002). The Comfort Theory provides an excellent description, explanation, and interpretation of the comfort concept in multiple domains and practice settings. Comfort theory is at the middle range level in that is defined in a measurable way and can be operationalized in both research and practice settings. The final criterion for this category evaluates if the origins are rooted in practice and research experience. The Comfort Theory has been used in numerous practice and research settings to provide a framework where patients have comfort needs and enhancing their comfort is valued. It has also been used to enhance working environments, especially for nurses, and most recently as a framework for working toward national institutional recognitions. More specifically parts are all of the theory have been used to test the effectiveness of holistic interventions for increasing comfort (xxxxxxx), to demonstrate the correlation between comfort and subsequent HSBs (xxxxx) and to relate HSBs to desirable institutional outcomes. It has also been used as a framework for helping families make difficult decisions about end of life (xxxxx). International and national healthcare institutions have also used Comfort Theory to enhance the work environment for nurses (xxxx). In these cases, nurses comfo rt is of interest and is theoretically related to the integrity of the institution. Summarize specific studies and tools used here. Structural integrity. There are four criterion for evaluating structural integrity. The first criterion is that the concepts are well defined. The concepts (defined above) of comfort needs, comfort interventions, intervening variables, enhanced comfort, health-seeking behaviors, and institutional integrity are clearly defined and easy to understand. There are numerous examples of applying the concepts in the literature for further clarification (xxxxx). The second criterion of structural integrity is that concepts within the theory are at the middle range level of abstraction. The concepts of the Comfort Theory-comfort needs, comfort interventions, intervening variables, enhanced comfort, health seeking behaviors, and institutional integrity are near the same level on the ladder of abstraction at the middle range level. They are more concrete because they can and have been operationalized and measured (xxxxx). The third criterion of structural integrity is that there are no more concepts than needed to explain the phenomena. Overall, the concepts adequately explain the phenomena of comfort. The theory is synthesized and organized in a simple manner. Lastly, the fourth criterion evaluates whether the concepts and relationships among the concepts are logically presented with a model. In the Comfort Theory (1994) model the ideas are integrated to create an understanding of the whole phenomenon of comfort in a model. The Comfort Theory (1994) model is a great example of presenting the concepts and statements in a linear logical order so the appreciation of the theory can be recognized (Smith, 2003). Functional adequacy. Because the criterion for functional adequacy overlap somewhat the five criterion will be discussed collectively. The five criterion include: theory can be applied to a variety of practice environments and clients; empirical indicators have been identified; published examples exist of research and theory in practice; and that the theory has evolved through scholarly inquiry. The Comfort Theory easily meets all of these criterions. For example, the Comfort Theory has been used widely in a variety of research in practice settings and patient and family populations. Even though the Comfort Theory has been used most widely with patients and families at the end of life and surrounding holistic palliative care nursing interventions, there has been a broad application of the theory in other populations as well including mothers in labor (xxxx), Alzheimer patients (xxxx), pediatric intensive care unit patients and families (xxxx), patients on bedrest (xxxx), those underg oing radiation therapy (xxxx) and for infants comfort and pain (xxxx). Most recently research of using the theory in practice has expanded to support institutional nursing recognition and comfort in the nursing working environment. In each of the populations mentioned above a psychometric comfort instrument has been developed as empirical indicators of concepts in the theory. However, the empirical indicators extend beyond empiricism and some include perceptions, self reports, observable behaviors and biological indicators (Ford-Gibloe, Campbell, Berman, 1995; Reed, 1995). The Comfort Theory (1994) has also been revised with the latest revision in 2007. The empirical adequacy of the Comfort Theory is evidence of the maturity of this theory (Smith, 2003). Summary The Comfort Theory (1994) is a well defined and well tested theory. Its strength lies in the versatility, adaptability, and testability of the concepts. The comfort theory clearly defines the concepts in the theory and the relationship between them. Because the comfort theory meets most of the substantitive foundations, structural integrity, and functional adequacy criteria the Comfort Theory (1994) is a strong middle range theory. An area that could increase the generalizability especially for nursing institutions is a change in the term in the model of nursing interventions to comfort interventions (xxxxx). Resnicks Self-Efficacy Theory: Description, Analysis, and Evaluation Theory Description Historical context. Resnicks Theory of Self Efficacy is based on Banduras social cognitive theory and conceptualizes person-behavior-environment as triadic reciprocity the foundation for reciprocal determinism (Bandura, 1977, 1986). The cognitive appraisal of these factors results in a perception of a level of confidence in the individuals ability to perform a certain behavior. The positive performance of this behavior reinforces self-efficacy expectations (Bandura, 1995). Structural Components. Although it is not explicitly stated, the core of this theory assumes that people can consciously change and develop or control their behavior. This is important to the proposition that self-efficacy also can be changed or enhanced through reflective thought, general knowledge, skills to perform a specific behavior, and self influence. This perspective is rooted in the model of triadic reciprocality (foundation for reciprocal determinism) in which personal determinants (self-efficacy), environmental conditions (treatment conditions) and action (practice) are mutually interactive influences. Therefore, improving performance depends on changing some of these influences (Bandura, 1977). In order to determine self-efficacy an individual must have the opportunity for self evaluation to evaluate how likely it is he or she can achieve a given level of performance. Concepts. The two major components of self efficacy include self-efficacy expectations and outcome expectations (Table 2). Self-efficacy expectations are judgments about the personal ability to accomplish a given task. Outcome expectations are judgments about what will happen if a given task is accomplished. These two components are differentiated because individuals can believe a certain behavior will result in a specific outcome, however, they may not believe they are capable of performing the behavior required for the outcome to occur (Bandura 1977, 1986). For example, a NICU nurse may believe attending an end of life education series will increase his/her knowledge and skill and ease moral distress, but may not believe that they could provide sensitive care for some ethical, religious, or moral reason. It is generally anticipated, but not always realistic that self-efficacy will have a positive impact on behavior. There are times when self-efficacy will have no or a negative impa ct on performance (Vancouver, Thomspon, Williams, 2001). Bandura (1977, 1986, 1997) suggests that outcome expectations are based largely on the individuals self-efficacy expectations, which generally depend on their judgment about how well they can perform the behavior; can be disassociated with self-efficacy expectations; and are partially separable from self-efficacy judgments when extrinsic outcomes are fixed. Because the outcomes an individual expects are the results of the judgments about what he or she can accomplish, they are unlikely to contribute to predictions of behavior (Bandura, 1977). Judgments about ones self-efficacy is based on four informational sources including enactive attainment, vicarious experience, verbal persuasion and physiological state. The first source, enactive attainment, or the actual performance of a behavior has been described as the most influential source of self-efficacy information (Bandura, 1986,; Bandura Adams, 1977). There has been repeated empirical evidence that actually performing an activity strengthens self-efficacy beliefs due to informational sources (Bandura, 1995). The second source, vicarious experience or visualizing other similar people perform a behavior, also influence self-efficacy (Bandura, Adams, Hardy, Howells, 1980). Conditions that impact vicarious experience include amount of exposure or experience to the behavior (least experience causes greater impact) and amount of instruction given (influence of others is greater with unclear guidelines) (Resnick Galik, 2006). Another source verbal persuasion or exhortation i nvolves telling an individual he or she has the capabilities to master the given behavior. Verbal encouragement from a trusted, credible source in counseling or education form has been used alone to strengthen efficacy expectations (Castro, King, Brassington, 2001; Hitunen et al. 2005; Moore et al., 2006; Resnick, Simpson, et al., 2006). The final information source physiological feedback or state during a behavior can be important in relation to coping with stressors, health functioning, and physical accomplishments. Interventions can be used to alter the interpretation of physiological feedback and help individuals cope with physical sensations, enhancing self efficacy and resulting in improved performance (Bandura Adams, 1977). Propositions. To help test the concept of nurses comfort caring for dying infants,

Cold War Essay -- essays research papers

In the post World War II era, a war arose between the Soviet Union and the United States, but in reality there was never really any documented fighting between the two nations, thus spawning the catch phrase "Cold War." Even though both countries were ready to go to war at the blink of an eye and almost did, the powers-that-be never got the nerve to authorize a nuclear war that would have made World War II look like child's play. This was a war fought in the political ring, and was also a war that did not start at the end of World War II, this war started during the war against Hitler and lasted for forty more years before peace became predominant over the crumbling Soviet Union. Many events occurred in this political heavyweight bout, and both sides can be blamed for the extremity the tensions escalated to, and this Cold War would have been tough to avoid taking into account the political beliefs of the countries at hand. During the war, once the Allied powers from the west joined forces with Stalin's Red Army, trouble was inevitable. Luckily for the world, America had a great leader and foreign diplomat in Franklin D. Roosevelt while England countered with Winston Churchill. This duo created a steady working relationship with Stalin, thus creating the Big Three and the Grand Alliance. Even though it was far from a perfect relationship, all three diplomats realized the task at hand, the mandate of stopping Adolph Hitler and the Nazi regime of Germany. Sadly, this priority overwhelmed the Big Three, and no solution was ever conjured up on how to handle the Post-War situation in Europe and Asia following an Allied victory. Understandably, stopping Hitler was far from guaranteed, but any plan that was taken by the Allies in Europe never even considered the implications of how to handle the war-torn countries of Eastern Europe afterwards, an area that the Soviets had suffered many casualties and other losses to free from facist control. The few problems with Churchill and Roosevelt is that they both tended to do things their own way, sometimes leaving Stalin out to dry, and also relied heavily on their own diplomatic skills, leaving other politicians out of the foreign policy matters for each country. While many United States Government officials were not fans of Stalin, they all realized the urgency in having him on their side of the fight. In r... ...or Russia to cease these actions, so even though America could have reacted better to some events during and after the war, Russia still would not have been easy to deal with when it came to their own country, not to mention Eastern Europe. The Cold War was more than likely inevitable, but it probably could have transpired more peacefully and definitely not on such a grand level. Someone that crazy as Stalin was and consequences so heavy as letting Russia into Eastern Europe could not be ignored, and the Americans had every right to stop the advancement of Russia into Poland. The Polish would not want to suffer those horrendous acts of oppression, and if the United States wanted to be the policeman of the world and stop these human rights violations, then Russia is the perfect place to start. The United States certainly did not always act brilliantly, and indeed they caused plenty of their own problems by a lack of good communication, but Russia was just as much to blame for the tensions throughout the world during the origins of the Cold War in the late 1940's to early 50's. eCheat. (2004). The Cold War. Retrieved Feb 28, 2005, from http://www.echeat.com/essay.php?t=25261.

Advanta India Limited Expanding International Presence Via Extensive Research and Development

ADVANTA INDIA LIMITED 1  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied T ABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Executive Summary: Advanta India Limited 2. Advanta India Limited Business Overview Introduction Expertise Product 2. 1 2. 2 Major Investments in the Company Evolution 2. 3 Ownership Structure 2. 4 3. Corporate Timeline Advanta India Limited Organisational Structure Advanta India Limited Products Portfolio 3. 1 3. 2 Field Crops 3. 3 4. Oil Seeds Vegetable Crops Advanta India Limited Financial and Operational Performance 4. 1 4. 2Advanta India Limited Geographical Revenue Segmentation, FY’2011 and FY’2012 4. 3 5. Valuation Analysis and Financial Summary DCF (Discounted Cash Flow) Valuationa and Upside Potential Advanta India Limited Annotated Stock Chart and Analyst Recommendations 5. 1. Advanta India Limited Annotated Stock Price Performance 5. 2. Analyst Recommendations Expected Bullish Stock Performance Buy Recommendation in Long term Expectation of E arning Growth 6. SWOT Analysis Strengths 2  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied WeaknessesOpportunities Threats 7. Advanta India Limited Key Professionals 7. 1. Board of Directors Profile 7. 2. Management Profile 8. Macro Analysis of Seed Industry 8. 1. Indian Hybrid Seed Industry Overview and Size, FY’2008- FY’2012 8. 1. 1 Indian Hybrid Seed Industry Segmentation, FY’2012 8. 1. 2 Market Share of Major Players in the Indian Hybrid Seed Market, FY’2012 8. 2 Australian Seed Industry Market Size, FY’2008-FY’2012 8. 3 Argentina Seed Industry Market Size, FY’2008-FY’-2012 9 Competitive Analysis 9. 1 By Products Offered/Revenue/Business Strategy 9. 2By Financial Performance (Topline/ Enterprise Value/ Multiples) 9. 3 A Relative Valuation Analysis of Indian Seed Industry 10. Advanta India Limied Management Outlook and Future Projection 10. 1. Advanta India Limited Future Projections 10. 2. Advanta I ndia Limited Company Financials Future Projections 10. 3. Advanta India Limited Ratio Analysis 11. Appendix 11. 1. Market Definitions 11. 2. Abbreviations 11. 3. Research Methodology Data Collection Methods Approach Non-linear Factor Based Regression Model 3  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied 1. 4. Disclaimer 4  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied L IST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Advanta India Limited Corporate Timeline 1994-2012 Figure 2: Advanta India Limited Ownership Structure in Percentage as on 31st December 2012 Figure 3: Advanta India Limited Organizational Structure Figure 4: Advanta India Limited Product Portfolio Figure 5: Advanta India Limited Annotated Stock Price Performance on the Basis of Volume Traded and Stock Prices in Thousand Shares and INR per Share, 29th February 2012-1st March 2013Figure 6: India Hybrid Seed Industry Market Size and Contribution in the Overall Indian Seed Market on the Basis of Revenue in INR Crore and Percentage, FY’2008-FY’2012 Figure 7: India Hybrid Seed Industry Segmentation on the Basis of Contribution in the Overall Hybrid Seed Industry in Percentage, FY’2012 Figure 8: Market Share of Major Players in Indian Hybrid Seed Market on the Basis of Contribution by Revenue in Percentage, FY’2012 Figure 9: Australia Seed Industry Market Size on the Basis of the Revenue in INR crore, FY’2008-FY’2012Figure 10: Argentina Seed Industry Market Size on the Basis of Revenue in INR Crore, FY’2008-FY’2012 Figure 11: Advanta India Limited Future Projections on the Basis of Revenue, EBITDA Margin and Net Profit Margin in INR Crore and Percentage, 2013-2017 Figure 12: Non-linear Regression Analysis and Scatter Chart Based upon Indian Hybrid Seed Industry Market size, FY’2008-FY’2012 5  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied L IST OF TABLE Table 1: Advanta India Limi ted Financial Summary on the Basis of Revenue, Growth and Net Profit Margin in INR Crore and Percentage, 2008-2012Table 2: Advanta India Limited Major Investments in Company Evaluation on the Basis Deal Stake, Deal Value and Implied Enterprise Value Table 3: Advanta India Limited Ownership Structure on the Basis of Shares Held as on 31st December 2012 Table 4: Advanta India Limited Promoters Stake on the Basis of Number of Shares Held and the Percentage of Shares Held in Shares Outstanding, as on 31st December 2012 Table 5: Advanta India Limited Revenue Segmentation on the Basis of Contribution by Products in the Overall Revenue, in FY’2011-FY’2012Table 6: Advanta India Limited Recent Developments in Oil Seeds Table 7: Advanta India Limited Recent Developments in Field Crops Table 8: Advanta India Limited Recent Developments in Vegetable Crops Table 9: Advanta India Limited Financial Performance on the Basis of Revenue, EBITDA Margin and Net Profit Margin in INR Crore, and Percentage, 2008-2012 Table 10: Advanta India Limited Valuation Analysis on the Basis of Market Capitalization, Net Debt and Enterprise Value in INR Crore and Units as on 1st March 2013 Table 11: Advanta India Limited Valuation Multiples on the Basis of Revenue, EBITDA and Net Profit Multiples, 2008 -2012Table 12: Advanta India Limited Revenue Segmentation on the Basis of Geographical Contribution in Overall Revenue in Percentage, FY’2011-FY’2012 Table 13: Advanta India Limited Discounted Cash Flow Valuation on the Basis of Weighted Average Cost to Capital, Present Value of Company Valuation and Target Share Price Table 14: Advanta India Limited Sensitivity Analysis of Discounted Cash Flow Analysis, Perpetuity Growth Rate and Weighted Average Cost of Capital on the Basis of Perpetuity Growth Rate Method in INR Crore and in PercentageTable 15: Advanta India Limited Board of Directors Table 16: Advanta India Limited Management Profile Table 17: Company Comparables o n the basis of Products Offered, Revenue and Business Strategies 6  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied Table 18: Company Comparable Analysis on the Basis of Financial Performance in INR Crore and Valuation Multiples as on LTM 31st December 2012 Table 19: Company Comparables on the Basis of Revenue in INR Crore, FY’2008-LTM year ending 31st December 2012Table 20: Relative Valuation Analysis on the Basis of Deal Value, Deal Stake, Implied Enterprise Value and Multiples in INR Crore, Percentage and Multiples Table 21: Advanta India Limited Company Balance Sheet, 2011-2015 Table 22: Advanta India Limited Company Income Statement, 2011-2015 Table 23: Advanta India Limited Company Cash Flow Statement, 2011-2015 Table 24: Advanta India Limited Ratio Analysis on the Basis of Liquidity, Asset Management, Profitability and Leverage Ratios in Multiple and Percentage, 2008-2015 Table 25: Regression Coefficients of the Advanta India Limited Table 26: R egression Intercepts of the Advanta India Limited  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied E XECUTIVE SUMMARY: ADVANTA INDIA LIMITED Recommendation: ~ Date: 1st March 2013 Target Price: INR ~ Advanta India Limited is an agronomic seed company with major operations in India, Australia, Thailand, the US and Argentina. The company is involved in production of hybrid seeds of field crop and vegetable seeds. The company specializes in the production of hybrid sunflower seeds by technical plant breeding and application of bio-technological methods.The company was listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange the National Stock Exchange of India in 2007 and having its registered office in Hyderabad. Key Differentiators ? ? ? ? Competition and Positioning ? Key Developments ? Advanta is dominant player in the Thailand corn market Dominates the international sorghum market The company has 16 subsidiaries all over the world representing its global presence First Indian m ultinational seed company Advanta dominates the sunflower seed market in Argentina with ~% market share as of 31st December 2011 ? ? ? ?In 2011 the company established a new research and breeding station in Toulouse, France so as to cater the growing demand of the European markets ? ? ? ? Financial Summary Advanta India Limited Financial Summary on the Basis of Revenue, Growth and Net Profit Margin in INR Crore and Percentage, 2008-2012 Particulars 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Revenue Growth% Net Profit% 8  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied C ORPORATE TIMELINE Advanta was established in 1994 as a joint venture between ITC Limited and Zeneca Limited.On 24th January 1994 the company started its production of hybrid seeds from its registered office at Hyderabad. The joint venture was named as ITC Zeneca Limited with the objective of production of hybrid seeds in the Indian seed market. In 1994, the company acquired seed business of Hysun India Limitedà ¢â‚¬ ¦ In 2007, Advanta India Limited came with an IPO of INR ~ crore. The IPO was of ~ equity shares at a price of INR ~ per equity share†¦ Advanta India Limited Corporate Timeline 1994-2012 9  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copiedA DVANTA INDIA LIMITED ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE The company currently has ~ plants in India, out of which ~ plants are located in Andhra Pradesh and ~ plant in Haryana. Out of 16 subsidiaries across the world Advanta Netherland Holdings BV was the highest profit making subsidiary of Advanta, generating a net profit of INR ~ crore during 2011 and Advanta Holdings BV was the highest loss making subsidiary of INR ~ crore in 2011†¦ Advanta India Limited holds ~ shares that is 100. 0% of Advanta Semillas SAIC and ~ shares of Pacific Seeds Pty. Limited implying 100. % stake in the subsidiary†¦ Advanta India Limited Organizational Structure 10  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copie d A DVANTA INDIA LIMITED PRODUCTS PORTFOLIO The company engages in ~ types of hybrid seed products in India and across the globe such as sorghum, corn, cotton, sunflower, mustard, canola and others and for vegetable such as tomato, cauliflower, sweet corn, hot pepper, okra and others. Business cycle of the company is to research and develop, produce and distribute the seeds to farmers through its distributors†¦Advanta India Limited Product Portfolio O IL SEEDS Oil seeds are produced as a source of the production for different types of oil. The oil seed portfolio of the company consists of the three hybrid seeds namely sunflower, canola and Indian mustard. These three products contribute the largest proportion of the company’s revenue†¦ 11  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied The company operates in the Australian canola seed market through its 100. 0% owned subsidiary namely, Pacific Seeds Pty Limited.Pacific Seeds is involved in the production of ~ types of hybrid canola seed variety such as [email  protected], [email  protected], [email  protected], [email  protected] and others. The company has achieved ~ % growth in its global canola business in 2011 y-o-y. The company has a pan India presence in the Indian hybrid mustard market. UPL group in collaboration with state government of Gujarat has entered into a project for the production of coral-432 with the average selling price of seeds INR 22. 5 and average selling price of oil INR 56. 0 under normal conditions.Advanta India Limited Recent Developments in Oil Seeds Countries Recent Developments in Product Portfolio India Mexico A DVANTA INDIA LIMITED FINANCIAL AND O PERATIONAL PERFORMANCE V ALUATION ANALYSIS AND FINANCIAL SUMMARY The company’s revenue has showcased a CAGR growth of 16. 4% from 2008 to 2012. Increase in revenue was due to the expansion of company’s operations in various countries in the last five years by mergers and acquisitions of different companies. Additionally, over the years the company has been spending considerable amount on research and development.These research and development expenditure has produced new and improved products for the company such as PAC 801, PAC 807 and others in hybrid rice seed which had enhanced the company’s revenues. The revenue for 2012 was INR 1073. 0 crore showcasing a growth of 17. 7% by y-o-y†¦ Net profit of the company has increased at a CAGR of ~% from 2008 to 2012†¦ 12  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied The company has been valued at INR ~ crore as on 1st March 2013. The revenue multiple of the company has shown a declining trend.Revenue multiple represents the amount that has to be paid by the investor for purchasing the company’s sales. The revenue multiple has declined at a CAGR of ~% from 2008-2012 showcasing a decline in the value of the company against the company’s sales as the amount of sales has been increasing over the years which implies that the company is now more cheaper to purchase as compare to what it was in 2008†¦ Advanta India Limited Financial Performance on the Basis of Revenue, EBITDA Margin and Net Profit Margin in INR Crore, and Percentage, 2008-2012 Particulars (in INR Crore and Percentage) 008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Revenue y-o-y Growth% EBITDA% Net Profit% Advanta India Limited Valuation Analysis on the Basis of Market Capitalization, Net Debt and Enterprise Value in INR Crore and Units as on 1st March 2013 Particulars (in INR Crore and Units) Share Price* Share Outstanding (in Units) Market Capitalization Net Debt Associates/ Minority Interest Enterprise Value Advanta India Limited Valuation Multiples on the Basis of Revenue, EBITDA and Net Profit Multiples, 2008-2012 Particulars 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 EV/Revenue EV/ EBITDA EV/Net Profit 13 This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied D CF (DISCOUNTED CASH F LOW) VALUATIONA AND UPSIDE P OTENTIAL Advanta India Limited Discounted Cash Flow Valuation on the Basis of Weighted Average Cost to Capital, Present Value of Company Valuation and Target Share Price Particulars Value (in INR Crore, Percentage and Units) WACC Revenue CAGR over 2013-17E Present Value of Cash Flow till 2017E Terminal Growth Present Value (PV) of terminal cash flow PV of firm Less: Current Debt Total present value of the Equity Number of Equity Shares Outstanding (in Units)DCF – Target price (INR) Advanta India Limited Sensitivity Analysis of Discounted Cash Flow Analysis, Perpetuity Growth Rate and Weighted Average Cost of Capital on the Basis of Perpetuity Growth Rate Method in INR Crore and in Percentage Particulars (in INR Crore and Percentage) Weighted Average Cost of Capital Perpetuity Growth Rate 14  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied M ACRO ANALYSIS OF SEED INDUSTRY M ARKET SHARE OF MAJOR PLAYERS IN THE INDIAN HYBRID S EED MARKET, FY’2012 The Indian hybrid seed industry is dominated by Nuziveedu Seeds Private Limited.The company has a market share of ~% in the overall Indian hybrid seed industry, followed by Maharashtra Hybrid Corporation (Mahyco) and Vibha Agrotech Limited which have a share of ~% and ~% respectively. As per the historical trend, the revenue of the seed companies has been inclining†¦ For Monsanto India, corn hybrid was the single biggest focus in seed business. Through its Project Golden Rays project the company has signed a public-private partnership with Rajasthan state government for increasing the maize hybrid yields by two folds. The project involves 7. 8 lakh tribal farmers.The company has a share of 4. 4% in the overall hybrid seed market†¦ Market Share of Major Players in Indian Hybrid Seed Market on the Basis of Contribution by Revenue in Percentage, FY’2012 Nuziveedu Seeds Private limited Maharashtra Hybrid Corporation (Mahyco) Monsanto India Li mited (MIL) Rasi Seeds Private Limited Bayer CropScience Ltd. – India Du Pont Pioneer Syngenta India Ltd. Advanta India Limited Others 15  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied A USTRALIAN SEED INDUSTRY MARKET SIZE, FY’2008-FY’2012 Australia is the second largest exporter of canola in the world.Australian seed market has declined at CAGR of ~% from USD ~ million to USD ~ million from FY’2008 to FY’2012. Decline in the Australian seed industry was mainly due to natural disaster in the country which effected the production of seeds. During the early FY’2000, the seeds industry of Australia was at its peak. The seed sales grew by ~% to USD ~ million in FY’2007 from USD ~ million in FY’2005 due to pleasant weather conditions in the country, higher commodity prices and positive market sentiments†¦ Australian government policies had also played a major role in the performance of the seed industr y of the country.Australian government has strict regulations which have restricted the entry of major players in the country. These strict regulations of the government restricted the growth of the industry and debarred the nation from adoption of hybrid seeds which actually have the potential to increase the agricultural productivity with the limited use of resources. Australia Seed Industry Market Size on the Basis of the Revenue in INR crore, FY’2008FY’2012 2,500. 0 INR Crore 2,000. 0 1,500. 0 1,000. 0 500. 0 0. 0 FY'2008 FY'2009 FY'2010 FY'2011FY'2012 16  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied C OMPETITIVE ANALYSIS B Y FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE (TOPLINE/ ENTERPRISE VALUE/ M ULTIPLES) Table: Company Comparable Analysis on the Basis of Financial Performance in INR Crore and Valuation Multiples as on LTM 31st December 2012 (INR Crore, unless Stated) Company Market Cap Last Twelve Months (LTM) Year Ending December 2012 Net Debt Enterprise Value (EV) EV/Revenue EV/EBITDA P/E JK Agri Genetics Limited Advanta Limited India Monsanto Limited India Nath SeedsLimited India Kaveri Seeds Company Limited Mean Median 17  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied Table: Company Comparables on the Basis of Revenue in INR Crore, FY’2008-LTM year ending 31st December 2012 Revenue (in INR Crore) FY’2008 FY’2009 FY’2010 FY’2011 FY’2012 LTM JK Agri Genetics Limited* Advanta India Limited** Monsanto India Limited Kaveri Seeds Company Limited Nath Seeds India Limited A DVANTA INDIA LIMITED FUTURE PROJECTION Advanta India Limited has been focusing the European hybrid seed market.After doing research for over 4 years, the company is planning its first hybrid sunflower seed sale in Romania, Ukraine, Romania and France. Advanta will launce ~ hybrids sunflower seeds products to farmers of these countries under ALTA brand. The ~ hybrids sunflower seeds will generator thei r brand name in future and expected to capture sizable market share in the European seed market. This will lead to an increase in profits of the company in future. The company has recently entered into a genetically modified (GM) corn agreement with Monsanto for two countries namely, Brazil and Philippines.GM corn is developed by adding animal’s DNA into seeds DNA and thus amplifies the utility of the seeds†¦ †¦The company is expected to showcase a revenue growth of CAGR ~% from 2012 to 2017. Additionally, the company is spending substantial amount on research and development of products and these new products will generate positive cash flow in future and will increase the revenue of the company. All these factors will lead to an increase in company’s revenue from INR 1,073. 0 crore in 2012 to ~ crore in 2017. 18  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copiedAdvanta India Limited Future Projections on the Basis of Revenue, EBITDA Ma rgin and Net Profit Margin in INR Crore and Percentage, 2013-2017 3,500. 0 16. 0% 3,000. 0 14. 0% INR Crore 10. 0% 2,000. 0 8. 0% 1,500. 0 6. 0% 1,000. 0 in Percentage 12. 0% 2,500. 0 4. 0% 500. 0 2. 0% 0. 0% 0. 0 FY'2013 Revenue FY'2014 FY'2015 EBITDA Margin FY'2016 FY'2017 Net Profit Margin A DVANTA INDIA LIMITED COMPANY FINANCIALS FUTURE P ROJECTIONS Over the years Advanta India Limited has been showing a constant growth in its shareholders’ funds as the company has been constantly generating after tax net profit expect in 2010.Net worth of the company has increased at a CAGR of ~% from 2009-2012, representing increase in profitability margin of the company. The company is expected to follow the same trend in future and anticipated to increase its net worth at CAGR of ~% from 2012-2015. As of now the contribution of outsider’s funds in the total assets of the business is greater than shareholders’ equity but with the increase in profitability the company is e xpected to reverse this scenario and debt to equity ratio will decrease in future†¦ 19 This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied The company’s cash flow from operation has showcased a positive growth trend in 2011 and 2012. It is anticipated that the cash flow from operation of the company will increase at a CAGR of ~% from 2011-2015 largely due to increase in after tax net profit of the company. In 2015 it is expected that the company will increase its revenue from operations by ~% y-o-y. An average annual growth of ~% is expected in the company’s capital expenditure from 2011-2015 due to commercialization and expansion of business.Overall cash and cash equivalent balance of the company is expected to increase at a CAGR of ~% from 2011-2015†¦ 20  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied D ISCLAIMER The research reports provided by Ken Research are for the personal information of the authorized recipien t and is not for public distribution and should not be reproduced or redistributed without prior permission. You are permitted to print or download extracts from this material for your personal use only. None of this material may be used for any commercial or public use.The information provided in the research documents is from publicly available data and other sources, which are reliable. Efforts are made to try and ensure accuracy of data. With respect to documents available, neither the company nor any of its employees makes any warranty, express or implied, including the warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use will not infringe privately owned rights.The report also includes analysis and views expressed by our research team. The research reports are purely for informatio n purposes. The opinions expressed are our current opinions as of the date appearing in the material and may be subject to change from time to time without notice. Investors should not solely rely on the information contained in the research documents and must make investment decisions based on their own investment objectives, risk profile and financial position.The recipients of this material should take their own professional advice before acting on this information. Ken Research will not accept returns of reports once dispatched due to the confidentiality of information provided in our reports. In case, a report qualify for return, we will issue a credit, minus shipping charges, of equal value to the original purchase price, toward a future purchase— no refunds. The decision about whether the product return can be accepted or not is solely at our discretion.Any dispute will be subject to laws of India and exclusive jurisdiction of Indian Courts. No part of this manual or a ny material appearing may be reproduced, stored in or transmitted on any other Web site without written permission of Ken Research and any payments of a specified fee. Requests to republish any material may be sent to us. 21  © This is a licensed product of Ken Research and should not be copied

Technology improves life Essays

Technology improves life Essays Technology improves life Essay Technology improves life Essay Presents, people use the engineering to do their life better, easier and more gratifying. Besides, the engineering can do their society more convenient and safe. Without the engineering the universe would nt be what it`s today. the engineering has made the universe smaller and made things easier. Harmonizing to the American heritage scientific discipline dictionary Technology is the usage of scientific cognition to work out practical jobs, particularly in industry and commercialism. Besides, the specific methods, stuffs, and devices used to work out practical jobs. ( Houghton Mifflin Company 2005 ) . One of the major benefits of engineering is the great progresss in medical scientific discipline.It saves a batch of guiltless lives and we ca nt dispensable it in medical specialty today. It discovers many serious diseases and happen newer ways to bring around them. Besides, acquiring everything easy and faster.we can download from the cyberspace any vocal, music and film alternatively of purchasing them. Although there are many benefits of engineering, what people do non understand is engineering can be harmful to the society. Omar Bradley says If we continue to develop our engineering without wisdom or prudence, our retainer may turn out to be our executioner. ( Omar Bradley 1893-1981 ) .In this essay, I would wish to analyze how the engineering can be harmful to the society. Laziness is a major side consequence of engineering in society. Who can retrieve when people had to travel to the library to research for a subject or had to travel forenoon to acquire intelligence paper? When the Internet was introduced, people neer thought it would be like today. Now, people are able to make everything in cyberspace while they are sitting such as research, acquiring the latest intelligence, reading books and directing electronic mails.Also, at the minute the talks give assignment to the pupils, they do plagiarism alternatively of traveling to the library or making by their ain word. One of the effects of engineering is cybercrime. Cybercrime is a offense related to any electronic device. Harmonizing to James R. Richards Cybercrime is computing machines are responsible straight or indirectly for every facet of our lives, from the operation of our autos to our personal banking to flux of day of the month in our concern. With the exponential rise in the legitimate ut ilizations of computing machines, it follows that there would be an inevitable addition in their bastard usage ( James R. Richards, 1999 ) . For illustration, chop the electronic mails and the computing machines are the simplest offense of cybercrime. Besides, one of the most popular offenses committed on the cyberspace is attaching web sites. In recent old ages, some instructors were hacked their computing machines by pupils to acquire the test documents. Less motivated is the 2nd consequence of engineering in society. Always people choose the easiest manner to work out their jobs and this led to less thought and work. The job is if person get in awful no 1 will assist him and this can do him defeated and less motivated. Example of less motivated is pupils fail to make their work because they play games in their computing machine all the twenty-four hours alternatively of working on their lesson program. Besides, today people start to utilize a engineering manner such as reckoner to decide mathematics exercisings alternatively of utilizing their encephalon. Less tolerant is the 3rd consequence of engineering in society.Nowadays, productiveness is the most of import but the rights and the demands of workers have become less priority.Also, the workers have to make non merely more work, but besides they have to work more faster.This schemes includes any methods for bring forthing merchandises. The job is these equipments give employers something they want: inexpensive labour, make the occupation easier and make a demand for fewer people. In this manner, engineering affects the society to go less tolerant. Therefore, people begin to anticipate these equipments to assist them to work out their jobs more quicker. Refrences 1- Houghton Mifflin Company, 2005, The American Heritage Science Dictionary, 1st edition, Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //books.google.com/books? id=yKUagx8PB_EC A ; printsec=frontcover A ; dq=the+american+heritage+science # v=onepage A ; q= A ; f=false 2-Guy de la Bedoyere, 2005, The first computing machines, 1st edition, Published by Evans Brothers Limited. Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //books.google.com/books? id=DPAnH6_3-UAC A ; printsec=frontcover A ; dq=inauthor: % 22Guy+de+la+Bedoyere % 22 # v=onepage A ; q= A ; f=false 3- James R. Richards, 1999, Transnational condemnable organisations, cybercrime and money laundering.

Our Liberation From England †Creative Writing

Our Liberation From England – Creative Writing Free Online Research Papers As an American citizen the Declaration of Independence signifies our liberation from England and is a platform on which our constitution has been built. The Declaration of Independence is the document that â€Å"declared† what goals and rights on which this new nation was going to be based. Thomas Jefferson wrote, â€Å"All men are created equal† For me this statement is the most important in the entire document, for it allows America to open its arms and be the first country to state that it is ok to be different. No matter what you looked like you are still no better than anyone else. In my opinion the mentality that you are equal to the person next to you is what makes the U. S. such a unified and molded country. Thomas Jefferson stated that as Americans we have certain unalienable rights. Among these were life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Thomas Jefferson stated â€Å"pursuit of happiness† as an unalienable right. By doing so he opened the doors to democracy and showed the people of the new country that being happy is something that no one should be able to take away. To me the most important unalienable right is the â€Å"pursuit of happiness.† In the pursuit of happiness you have the opportunity to celebrate life, instead of sulk and wish that you were someone or something else. This right is the only right that can’t be given to you. This right, you must gain yourself and only through finding happiness do you secure this unalienable right. In my opinion without the pursuit of happiness there is no reason to search for liberty or retain life. Being happy is the only reason that life means anything, with out being happy life would be something to dread and instead of to cherish. As an American I believe that it is imperative that we stay true and loyal to this document. This document is a paradigm to the closest thing to a utopian society. If this document was never written, I wonder if thoughts of equality for all would ever have surfaced and if it did what would the new document entitle. Who would have written it? Research Papers on Our Liberation From England - Creative WritingQuebec and CanadaThe Effects of Illegal Immigration19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeCapital PunishmentNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NicePersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementOpen Architechture a white paperStandardized Testing

Personal Leadership Style Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Personal Leadership Style - Term Paper Example According to Austin (2009), nurse leaders must be in a position to meditate on the emotions of their workmates as well as formulate ways in which they can deal with arising differences in the workplace. This paper shall assess my potential as a nurse leader and how I plan to use these strengths to be a nurse leader in the future. Among my leadership styles include my ability to learn, responsibility, strategicness, achiever and discipline. These leadership styles have been derived from my strength finder leadership styles. Learner According to Austin (2009), nurses in the contemporary world are expected to face a myriad of challenges in the course of duty. In this case, they are left with no alternative, but to portray efficient leadership skills if the healthcare delivery system has to be successful. In this case, the nurse as a leader has to be committed in their job as they are placed at the center of provision of healthcare services (Clark, 2008). In the course of duty, I learn a lot through reflection. Every weekend, I have clinicals in the hospital. After attending the clinicals every weekend, I grasp a lot from the sessions. In an instance whereby my fellow nurses are enlightened on the need to be discrete about patient information, I am forced to research on the topic by reading several books. After the research, I am able to relate the same in my practice as a nurse. My learning progress is seen through my practical approach in the health facility. By the end of my nursing course in May this year, I will have learnt a great deal about the profession. I have worked a lot in the telecommunication industry, and it is my ability and zeal to learn as a leader, that has seen my tremendous input and performance in the nursing profession. My journey towards attaining a degree in nursing has indeed been faced with a numerous drawbacks. A leader, as seen in the research report compiled by Green (2013), must be the blueprint of change in the course of duty. In th is instance, I will be ardent to come up with new strategies of handling issues in the health institution, and be consistent in following up the implementation of the same policies. For instance, since the standards of practice in nursing are constantly changing, advising the nurses on the need to conduct more research on the changes through online tutorials, reading books and journals will be of great importance for the nurses. The challenge to see the change in my workplace motivates me the more and leads to me to an anticipation of my exemplary performance through learning and disseminating the same information. I will also remain loyal to the other workmates who made my learning a success especially because I cannot handle everything as an individual. In the event that the organization has the ability to cater for my expenses of providing the reading materials and links to the online tutorial classes, the same would be beneficial on my side as my learning will be financed in a w ay or another. In the event that I can advance my educational skills, this would be of great assistance as I can apply the acquired skills to the betterment of the health facility (Green, 2013). In the long run, the medication error and infection control will be under check, since these are the major issues in the nursing setting (Claborn & Zerwekh, 2003). I honor my desire to learn, and as a leader, I will endeavor to enroll for a course whenever I get the chance, as time in one’

Feasibility Memo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Feasibility Memo - Essay Example It is important to work with the current employees as they a familiar with some of the organization’s customers. The marketing strategies should be revised. The company should carry out intensive online marketing over social media in order to create the awareness of the products to people in different regions of the world. For improvement and undertaking the revision of the project, the organization needs more funds. The organization should seek loans from local banks. The organization saving should also be utilized in order to undertake the project. For expansion purpose, the organization needs more production machines and an additional vehicle for transportation. Ten computers are also needed for internet marketing, recording and storing the information. The organization needs to have a General Manager who will oversee the progress and performance of each department. The General Manager should be in possession of a Masters degree in Management and five years experience in management